(English_(UK)_MFA_dictionary_v3_1_0)= # English (UK) MFA dictionary v3.1.0 ``````{dictionary} English (UK) MFA dictionary v3.1.0 :id: "English (UK) MFA dictionary v3_1_0" :tags: English;MFA;IPA :language: "English" :dialect: UK :layout: mfa :template: dictionary_template :phoneset: "MFA" :license: "CC BY 4.0" ```{include} ../../../../dictionary/english/uk_mfa/v3.1.0/README.md :start-after: "## Dictionary details" :end-before: "## Installation" ``` `````` ```{include} ../../../../dictionary/english/uk_mfa/v3.1.0/README.md :start-after: "new)." ``` ## IPA Charts ### Consonants Obstruent symbols to the left of {fas}`circle;ipa-dot` are unvoiced and those to the right are voiced. ``````{list-table} :header-rows: 1 :stub-columns: 1 :class: consonant_chart table-striped table-bordered * - Manner - Labial - Labiodental - Dental - Alveolar - Alveopalatal - Palatal - Velar - Glottal * - {manner}`Nasal` - ```{ipa_cell} * other * m * Occurrences: 9249 * Examples * mess: [m ɛ s] * mike: [m aj k] * maine: [m ej n] * seems: [s iː m z] * mʲ * Occurrences: 1873 * Examples * mitch: [mʲ ɪ tʃ] * mia: [mʲ iː ə] * emits: [ɪ mʲ ɪ t s] * amish: [a mʲ ɪ ʃ] * m̩ * Occurrences: 10 * Examples * from: [f ɹ m̩] * them: [m̩] * him: [m̩] * album: [a ɫ b m̩] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * other * n * Occurrences: 19806 * Examples * been: [bʲ ɪ n] * leone: [ʎ ɪ ə n] * jones: [dʒ əw n z] * nadi: [n ɑː dʲ i] * n̩ * Occurrences: 237 * Examples * open: [əw p n̩] * bryan: [b ɹ aj n̩] * asian: [ej ʒ n̩] * iron: [aj n̩] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * other * ɲ * Occurrences: 3296 * Examples * niall: [ɲ iː ɫ] * kneel: [ɲ iː ɫ] * menu: [m ɛ ɲ ʉː] * anise: [ə ɲ iː z] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * other * ŋ * Occurrences: 3947 * Examples * sang: [s a ŋ] * skunk: [s k ɐ ŋ k] * manga: [m a ŋ ɡ ə] * deng: [d ɛ ŋ] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` * - {manner}`Stop` {submanner}`Plain` - ```{ipa_cell} * voiceless * p * Occurrences: 5471 * Examples * epoch: [ɛ p ə k] * proto: [p ɹ əw tʰ əw] * maps: [m a p s] * prep: [p ɹ ɛ p] * pʲ * Occurrences: 318 * Examples * puris: [pʲ ʊ ɹ ɪ s] * purer: [pʲ ɒː ɹ ə] * opium: [əw pʲ i ə m] * spied: [s pʲ iː d] * pʷ * Occurrences: 4 * Examples * voiced * b * Occurrences: 6027 * Examples * burns: [b ɜː n z] * botha: [b əw θ ə] * sybil: [s ɪ b ə ɫ] * bound: [b aw n d] * bʲ * Occurrences: 1170 * Examples * bix: [bʲ ɪ k s] * beet: [bʲ iː t] * cabby: [kʰ a bʲ i] * jubei: [dʒ ʉː bʲ iː] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * voiceless * t̪ * Occurrences: 93 * Examples * bath: [b ɑː t̪] * thing: [t̪ ɪ ŋ] * smith: [s mʲ ɪ t̪] * ninth: [n aj n t̪] * voiced * d̪ * Occurrences: 58 * Examples * this: [d̪ ɪ s] * the: [d̪ iː] * other: [ɐ d̪ ə] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * voiceless * t * Occurrences: 12350 * Examples * stow: [s t əw] * galt: [ɡ a ɫ t] * spots: [s p ɒ t s] * nests: [n ɛ s t s] * tʲ * Occurrences: 5666 * Examples * parti: [pʰ ɑː tʲ i] * teel: [tʲ iː ɫ] * it'd: [ɪ tʲ ɪ d] * witty: [w ɪ tʲ i] * tʷ * Occurrences: 58 * Examples * tweak: [tʷ iː k] * twice: [tʷ aj s] * twins: [tʷ ɪ n z] * twig: [tʷ ɪ ɡ] * voiced * d * Occurrences: 10123 * Examples * jude: [dʒ ʉː d] * wolds: [w əw ɫ d z] * dyne: [d aj n] * damon: [d a m ə n] * dʲ * Occurrences: 3350 * Examples * duty: [dʲ ʉː tʲ i] * dll: [dʲ iː ɛ ɫ ɛ ɫ] * ding: [dʲ ɪ ŋ] * dinah: [dʲ iː n ə] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * voiceless * c * Occurrences: 2118 * Examples * skate: [s c ej t] * krebs: [c ɹ ɛ b z] * clank: [c ʎ a ŋ k] * clio: [c ʎ iː əw] * cʷ * Occurrences: 180 * Examples * quint: [cʷ ɪ n t] * quill: [cʷ ɪ ɫ] * quid: [cʷ ɪ d] * quiz: [cʷ ɪ z] * voiced * ɟ * Occurrences: 916 * Examples * glib: [ɟ ʎ ɪ b] * green: [ɟ ɹ iː n] * geese: [ɟ iː s] * greed: [ɟ ɹ i d] * ɟʷ * Occurrences: 38 * Examples * guido: [ɟʷ iː d əw] * gwynn: [ɟʷ ɪ n] * gwin: [ɟʷ ɪ n] * gwen: [ɟʷ ɛ n] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * voiceless * k * Occurrences: 7490 * Examples * tic: [tʲ ɪ k] * yuca: [j ɐ k ə] * peake: [pʰ iː k] * radix: [ɹ ej dʲ ɪ k s] * kʷ * Occurrences: 335 * Examples * koala: [kʷ ɑː l ə] * quite: [kʷ aj t] * squad: [s kʷ ɒ d] * voiced * ɡ * Occurrences: 3188 * Examples * gus: [ɡ ɐ s] * gecko: [ɡ ɛ kʰ əw] * edgar: [ɛ ɡ ə] * wigan: [w ɪ ɡ ə n] * ɡʷ * Occurrences: 42 * Examples * guam: [ɡʷ ɒ m] * guo: [ɡʷ əw] * guano: [ɡʷ ɑː n əw] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * voiceless * ʔ * Occurrences: 439 * Examples * note: [n əw ʔ] * that: [d̪ a ʔ] * pot: [pʰ ɒ ʔ] * but: [b ɐ ʔ] ``` * - {submanner}`Aspirated` - ```{ipa_cell} * voiceless * pʰ * Occurrences: 3260 * Examples * pan: [pʰ a n] * puppy: [pʰ ɐ pʲ i] * epoch: [iː pʰ ɒ k] * pith: [pʰ ɪ θ] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * voiceless * tʰ * Occurrences: 2910 * Examples * tata: [tʰ ɑː t ə] * into: [ɪ n tʰ ʉː] * detox: [dʲ iː tʰ ɒ k s] * thai: [tʰ aj] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * voiceless * cʰ * Occurrences: 1033 * Examples * kish: [cʰ ɪ ʃ] * kei: [cʰ ej] * kato: [cʰ ej tʰ əw] * ciara: [cʰ i ə ɹ ə] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * voiceless * kʰ * Occurrences: 4304 * Examples * cad: [kʰ a d] * cara: [kʰ a ɹ ə] * curls: [kʰ ɜː ɫ z] * chaco: [tʃ a kʰ əw] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` * - {manner}`Affricate` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * voiceless * tʃ * Occurrences: 1881 * Examples * metro: [m ɛ tʃ ɹ əw] * cha: [tʃ ɑː] * beach: [bʲ iː tʃ] * trip: [tʃ ɹ ɪ p] * voiced * dʒ * Occurrences: 2764 * Examples * hajj: [h ɐ dʒ] * juror: [dʒ ʊ ɹ ɒː] * jays: [dʒ ej z] * janus: [dʒ ej n ə s] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` * - {manner}`Sibilant` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * voiceless * s * Occurrences: 19817 * Examples * venus: [vʲ iː n ə s] * fix: [fʲ ɪ k s] * sir: [s ɜː] * sang: [s a ŋ] * voiced * z * Occurrences: 9124 * Examples * tools: [tʲ ʉː ɫ z] * alms: [ɑː m z] * lures: [l ʊ ə z] * egos: [iː ɡ əw z] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * voiceless * ʃ * Occurrences: 3971 * Examples * shaky: [ʃ ej c i] * tesh: [tʰ ɛ ʃ] * smash: [s m a ʃ] * pasha: [pʰ a ʃ ə] * voiced * ʒ * Occurrences: 284 * Examples * asian: [ej ʒ ə n] * gyro: [ʒ ɪ ɹ əw] * usury: [j ʉː ʒ ə ɹ i] * liege: [ʎ iː ʒ] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` * - {manner}`Fricative` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * voiceless * f * Occurrences: 4216 * Examples * lofty: [l ɒ f tʲ i] * phage: [f ej dʒ] * facet: [f a s ɪ t] * from: [f ɹ m̩] * fʲ * Occurrences: 1221 * Examples * finch: [fʲ ɪ n tʃ] * fused: [fʲ ʉː z d] * fisk: [fʲ ɪ s k] * comfy: [kʰ ɐ m fʲ i] * voiced * v * Occurrences: 3916 * Examples * hive: [h aj v] * avant: [a v ə n t] * cover: [kʰ ɐ v ə] * raven: [ɹ a v ə n] * vʲ * Occurrences: 334 * Examples * revue: [ɹ ə vʲ ʉː] * chevy: [tʃ ɛ vʲ i] * envy: [ɛ m vʲ i] * bevy: [b ɛ vʲ i] * vʷ * Occurrences: 3 * Examples ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * voiceless * θ * Occurrences: 1322 * Examples * toth: [tʰ ɒ θ] * ether: [iː θ ə] * wroth: [ɹ ɒ θ] * botha: [b əw θ ə] * voiced * ð * Occurrences: 327 * Examples * these: [ð iː z] * that: [ð a t] * them: [ð ɛ m] * meath: [mʲ iː ð] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * voiceless * ç * Occurrences: 539 * Examples * hill: [ç ɪ ɫ] * hip: [ç ɪ p] * heiau: [ç ej aw] * hilda: [ç ɪ ɫ d ə] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * voiceless * h * Occurrences: 2160 * Examples * home: [h əw m] * hank: [h a ŋ k] * huck: [h ɐ k] * hajj: [h ɐ dʒ] ``` * - {manner}`Approximant` - ```{ipa_cell} * other * w * Occurrences: 2423 * Examples * ewa: [ɛ w ə] * what: [w ɒ t] * won't: [w əw n] * kuala: [kʰ ə w ɑː l ə] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * other * ɹ * Occurrences: 15365 * Examples * soros: [s ɒ ɹ ə s] * dream: [dʲ ɹ iː m] * trias: [t ɹ aj ə s] * throe: [θ ɹ əw] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * other * j * Occurrences: 739 * Examples * yen: [j ɛ n] * yoko: [j əw kʰ əw] * yes: [j ɛ s] * yams: [j ɑː m z] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` * - {manner}`Lateral` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * other * l * Occurrences: 6683 * Examples * islam: [ɪ z l ɑː m] * plays: [p l ej z] * lures: [l ɜː z] * bloch: [b l ɒ k] * ɫ * Occurrences: 6421 * Examples * vogel: [f əw ɡ ə ɫ] * malls: [m ɒː ɫ z] * sepal: [s iː p ə ɫ] * daryl: [d a ɹ ɪ ɫ] * ɫ̩ * Occurrences: 245 * Examples * model: [m ɒ d ɫ̩] * metal: [m ɛ t ɫ̩] * usual: [j ʉː ʒ ɫ̩] * title: [tʰ aj t ɫ̩] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * other * ʎ * Occurrences: 4954 * Examples * lured: [ʎ ɜː d] * tales: [tʰ ej ʎ iː z] * godly: [ɡ ɒ dʲ ʎ i] * kelly: [cʰ ɛ ʎ i] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` `````` ### Vowels Vowel symbols to the left of {fas}`circle;ipa-dot` are unrounded and those to the right are rounded. ``````{list-table} :header-rows: 1 :stub-columns: 1 :class: vowel_chart table-striped table-bordered * - - Front - Near-Front - Central - Near-Back - Back * - Close - ```{ipa_cell} * unrounded * i * Occurrences: 7054 * Examples * carte: [kʰ ɑː tʲ i] * dally: [d a ʎ i] * mafia: [m a fʲ i ə] * weary: [w ɪ ɹ i] * iː * Occurrences: 4480 * Examples * veto: [vʲ iː tʰ əw] * legal: [ʎ iː ɡ ə ɫ] * each: [iː tʃ] * shiva: [ʃ iː v ə] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * rounded * ʉ * Occurrences: 427 * Examples * lucia: [l ʉ s iː ə] * mura: [m ʉ ɹ ə] * ruby: [ɹ ʉ bʲ i] * bellu: [b ɛ ʎ ʉ] * ʉː * Occurrences: 3194 * Examples * luc: [l ʉː k] * pubic: [pʲ ʉː bʲ ɪ k] * tudo: [tʲ ʉː d əw] * wuhan: [w ʉː h ɑː n] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` * - - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * unrounded * ɪ * Occurrences: 25536 * Examples * clink: [c ʎ ɪ ŋ k] * digby: [dʲ ɪ ɟ bʲ i] * runic: [ɹ ʉː ɲ ɪ k] * akins: [ə c ɪ n z] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * rounded * ʊ * Occurrences: 1612 * Examples * urea: [j ʊ ɹ ɪ ə] * bush: [b ʊ ʃ] * jury: [dʒ ʊ ɹ i] * bosom: [b ʊ z ə m] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` * - Close-Mid - ```{ipa_cell} * unrounded * e * Occurrences: 1 * Examples * ej * Occurrences: 6098 * Examples * ages: [ej dʒ ɪ z] * ssh: [ɛ s ɛ s ej tʃ] * phage: [f ej dʒ] * brady: [b ɹ ej dʲ i] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` * - - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * unrounded * ə * Occurrences: 31193 * Examples * evil: [iː v ə ɫ] * atoms: [a t ə m z] * idly: [aj d ə ʎ i] * noda: [n əw d ə] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` * - Open-Mid - ```{ipa_cell} * unrounded * ɛ * Occurrences: 9111 * Examples * fled: [f l ɛ d] * fred: [f ɹ ɛ d] * mezzo: [m ɛ d z əw] * teres: [tʰ ɛ ɹ ə z] * ɛː * Occurrences: 678 * Examples * yea: [j ɛː] * stair: [s t ɛː] * vary: [v ɛː ɹ i] * their: [d̪ ɛː] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * unrounded * ɜ * Occurrences: 95 * Examples * viera: [vʲ iː ɜ ɹ ə] * burj: [b ɜ dʒ] * herzl: [h ɜ t s ə ɫ] * turku: [tʰ ɜ k ʉː] * ɜː * Occurrences: 2051 * Examples * germ: [dʒ ɜː m] * adieu: [ə dʲ ɜː] * dirks: [d ɜː k s] * birch: [b ɜː tʃ] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` * - - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * unrounded * ɐ * Occurrences: 3822 * Examples * cuts: [kʰ ɐ t s] * hub: [h ɐ b] * burgh: [b ɐ ɹ ə] * dux: [d ɐ k s] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` * - Open - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * unrounded * a * Occurrences: 8314 * Examples * handy: [h a n dʲ i] * sass: [s a s] * zatch: [z a tʃ] * barry: [b a ɹ i] ``` - ```{ipa_cell} ``` - ```{ipa_cell} * unrounded * ɑ * Occurrences: 314 * Examples * murad: [m ʊ ɹ ɑ d] * malak: [m ɑ l a k] * park: [pʰ ɑ k] * asean: [a z i ɑ n] * ɑː * Occurrences: 3321 * Examples * flask: [f l ɑː s k] * dalek: [d ɑː l ɛ k] * argot: [ɑː ɡ əw] * hari: [h ɑː ɹ i] * rounded * ɒ * Occurrences: 5692 * Examples * moxon: [m ɒ k s ə n] * frock: [f ɹ ɒ k] * bahia: [b ɒ iː ə] * offs: [ɒ f s] * ɒː * Occurrences: 3250 * Examples * gaunt: [ɡ ɒː n t] * ores: [ɒː z] * maude: [m ɒː d] * tall: [tʰ ɒː ɫ] ``` `````` #### Diphthongs * {ipa_inline}`aj` * {ipa_inline}`aw` * {ipa_inline}`ej` * {ipa_inline}`ɔj` * {ipa_inline}`əw`